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    A presentation delivered by Mariel Vincent Rapisura, SEDPI Co-founder and President, during the Regional Summit on Inclusive Economic Empowerment to Accelerate Climate Action and Low Carbon Solutions Aligned with Social Solidarity Economy organized by the United Nations Women and Homenet Philippines on June 26, 2025 in Quezon City Philippines. You may download the presentation here.

    Maraming-maraming salamat po sa introduction. Thank you to UN Women for inviting me. First time po namin dito, kaya I’m really happy na makakakilala ako ng marami mamaya.

    So, yung presentation ko po ngayon is about the state of nanoenterprises here in the Philippines. Magsisimula ako sa macro level, tapos mag-zoom in tayo sa micro later on.

    Ang SEDPI po—Social Enterprise Development Partnerships, Inc.—ay naitatag noong 2004. Meron po tayong 21,000 members sa group natin, at naka-base tayo mostly sa Mindanao. We currently operate 18 branches across Agusan del Sur, Davao de Oro, Davao del Norte, Surigao del Sur, at Zamboanga City. Very exciting ang mga lugar na ‘yan! Partner din po kami ng Ateneo de Manila University para sa Nano Enterprise Development Program, which we just launched this year.

    Now, ito yung classification na standard from the Department of Trade and Industry pagdating sa mga enterprises sa Pilipinas. May around 10,000 na large at medium enterprises, 110,000 small enterprises, at about 1.1 million daw ang micro enterprises.

    Pero dito po kami nagkakaproblema—kasi sa definition ng “micro,” ang ceiling ay up to ₱3 million. Eh alam naman natin, ibang-iba ang galaw ng mga milyonaryong micro enterprise kumpara sa mga nasa pinaka-baba.

    Defining nanoenterprises in the Philippines

    Sa joint research namin with the World Bank last year, dinefine namin further: may tinatawag tayong “poor” at “non-poor” micro enterprises. ‘Yung mga poor micro enterprises, asset size hanggang ₱150,000 lang. Yung non-poor, ₱150,000 to ₱3 million. Usually, walang empleyado ang mga poor micro, at kung meron man, unpaid family members lang. In short, ito talaga yung tinatawag nating nanoenterprises.

     

     

     

    Ang estimate namin—around 8.1 million ang bilang ng nano enterprises sa Pilipinas. Pero hindi ito captured ng DTI dahil karamihan sa kanila ay unregistered. Kung titignan niyo ang membership ng MCPI—yung mga ASA at CARD lang, may 2.2 at 2.5 million members na agad. Hindi pa rin sila pasok sa official stats dahil nga sa pagiging unregistered—kaya invisible sila sa batas.

    Ang talagang nakikinabang sa government programs for microenterprises? Around 300,000 lang. Kaya malinaw ang distinction: Nano ≠ Micro.

    Characteristics and Motivations of Nanoentrepreneurs

    Nanoenterprises typically operate out of necessity, not opportunity. Napilitan lang silang magnegosyo dahil walang available na trabaho. Most nano entrepreneurs are women. Sa MCPI, 80–90% ng clients ay kababaihan. Sila yung tinatawag nating necessity entrepreneurs. Kaya nga sila pa ang nagnenegosyo, sila pa rin ang nagaalaga ng bahay. Grabe, di ba?

    Wala po kaming nakausap sa research naming nagsabing “I started a business because I wanted to innovate.” Wala. It was all about survival. In fact, sa study namin with Ateneo School of Management, nakita namin na when households experience shocks or disasters, mas reliable pa ang income ng women nanoentrepreneurs kaysa sa informal wage labor ng mga lalaki.

    Coping with Disasters and External Risks

    Their entrepreneurial resilience is shaped by limited resources, family obligations, and—again—necessity. Pagdating sa coping mechanisms, eto po ang nakita namin. Kapag may disaster, ang unang ginagawa: cut household expenses, withdraw savings, maghanap ng extra trabaho, at sumali sa damayan. Rarely nilang inuuna ang utang—alam nilang hindi ito sustainable.

    Sabi nga nila, the most effective strategies are cutting expenses and finding work. Least effective? Pangungutang. Kaya dapat tigilan na ang emergency loans—hindi ‘yan solusyon. Dapat savings ang focus. Gusto nila ng coping mechanisms na nakabase sa savings, sa forgoing expenses, at community-based insurance or damayan. Hindi utang.

    Ngayon, sa public sector, may patronage politics at kulang ang funds for recovery. Sa private sector naman, profit-oriented. May coverage nga ang insurance pero sobrang mahal ng premium at ang bagal ng proseso.

    SEDPI’s Innovative Approach to Social Safety Nets

    Kaya sa SEDPI, gumawa kami ng sariling damayan system—ang SEDPI Katambayayong. Same-day loan document processing, fast benefits, and most importantly, hindi kailangan mangutang para makinabang.

    People first. Hindi market-based, kundi mission-based. In fact, since 2017, ₱37 million na ang nailabas namin sa damayan benefits. Pagdating sa livelihood, nanoenterprises need access to capital. Usually, sa microfinance, coops, or rural banks sila kumukuha.

    Ang common reasons for delinquency: disaster, sickness, death—lahat external. Kaya sa halip na interest-based, ang SEDPI ay service-fee-based. Kung may disaster, sickness, or death, walang penalty, walang compounding interest. Kasi hindi dapat ikinayayaman ng iba ang paghihirap ng tao. May espesyal na pwesto sa impyerno para sa mga gumagawa n’un.

    Ayaw rin naming tawaging “delinquent” ang members. Ang tawag namin sa kanila ay “recurrent-recovering and disaster-vulnerable clients.” They are climate injustice victims. Kaya dapat may Loss and Damage Fund from the UN and COP-47. Imbes na pondo sa giyera, ilaan sa mga ganito.

    Addressing the Housing Backlog

    May housing program din kami. Sa Pilipinas, may 6 million housing backlog. Karamihan, nakatira sa hazard-prone areas, gamit ay temporary light materials. Kaya nagpoprovide kami ng disaster-resilient housing.

    Pero ang problema, ang mga developers, kailangan pasanin ang cost ng drainage, roads, etc.—kaya ipapasa nila ang gastos sa mga mahihirap. That’s regressive taxation.

    Kaya kami, we build with dignity. May organic farming, may solar—at nasa bubong, hindi kami nananakop ng bukid o ng gubat!

    Ang bahay at hanapbuhay ni Lotlot

    For example, si Lotlot. Total cost ng bahay niya: ₱350,000. Nagsimula siya noong 2017, pero dahil kulang ang pera, hindi natapos.

     

     

    Sabi ng engineer namin, para maging climate-adaptive, kailangan pa ng ₱100,000. Pero siyempre, paano mo babayaran ‘yon kung every year binabaha ka? Hindi naman niya kasalanan. Kaya dapat may subsidy. Kung mabawasan ang kailangan niyang utang from ₱200,000 to ₱100,000, ang hulog niya, magiging ₱500/week na lang. Mas kaya niya, ‘di ba?

    Be Part of the Solution

    Kaya ngayon, ang call to action natin: wala pa tayong Loss and Damage Fund, pero we can start small. Baka gusto niyong tumulong sa bahay ni Lotlot. Kahit ₱100 lang, malaking tulong na.

    And whatever donations we raise, tatapatan ng SEDPI up to PhP50,000. Let’s build something real out of this conference.

    Mag-donate kahit maliit na halaga. GCash: 09954230830. You can track your donation here.

    Maraming salamat po! Ang pagyaman, napag-aaralan at napagtutulungan!

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